WFXMLScanner.cpp

/*
 * The Apache Software License, Version 1.1
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2002 The Apache Software Foundation.  All rights
 * reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 *
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 *
 * 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution,
 *    if any, must include the following acknowledgment:
 *       "This product includes software developed by the
 *        Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/)."
 *    Alternately, this acknowledgment may appear in the software itself,
 *    if and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear.
 *
 * 4. The names "Xerces" and "Apache Software Foundation" must
 *    not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this
 *    software without prior written permission. For written
 *    permission, please contact apache\@apache.org.
 *
 * 5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Apache",
 *    nor may "Apache" appear in their name, without prior written
 *    permission of the Apache Software Foundation.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED
 * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
 * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
 * DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR
 * ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
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 * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
 * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
 * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation, and was
 * originally based on software copyright (c) 1999, International
 * Business Machines, Inc., http://www.ibm.com .  For more information
 * on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
 * <http://www.apache.org/>.
 */

/*
  * $Id$
 */


// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Includes
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#include <xercesc/internal/WFXMLScanner.hpp>
#include <xercesc/util/Janitor.hpp>
#include <xercesc/util/RuntimeException.hpp>
#include <xercesc/util/UnexpectedEOFException.hpp>
#include <xercesc/util/XMLUniDefs.hpp>
#include <xercesc/util/XMLUni.hpp>
#include <xercesc/sax/InputSource.hpp>
#include <xercesc/framework/XMLDocumentHandler.hpp>
#include <xercesc/framework/XMLErrorReporter.hpp>
#include <xercesc/framework/XMLEntityHandler.hpp>
#include <xercesc/framework/XMLPScanToken.hpp>
#include <xercesc/framework/XMLValidator.hpp>
#include <xercesc/framework/XMLValidityCodes.hpp>
#include <xercesc/internal/EndOfEntityException.hpp>


XERCES_CPP_NAMESPACE_BEGIN

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  WFXMLScanner: Constructors and Destructor
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
WFXMLScanner::WFXMLScanner(XMLValidator* const valToAdopt) :
    XMLScanner(valToAdopt)
    , fEntityTable(0)
    , fAttrNameHashList(0)
    , fAttrNSList(0)
{
    try {
        commonInit();
    }
    catch(...) {

        cleanUp();
        throw;
    }
}

WFXMLScanner::WFXMLScanner( XMLDocumentHandler* const  docHandler
                            , DocTypeHandler* const    docTypeHandler
                            , XMLEntityHandler* const  entityHandler
                            , XMLErrorReporter* const  errHandler
                            , XMLValidator* const      valToAdopt) :

    XMLScanner(docHandler, docTypeHandler, entityHandler, errHandler, valToAdopt)
    , fEntityTable(0)
    , fAttrNameHashList(0)
    , fAttrNSList(0)
{
    try {
        commonInit();
    }
    catch(...) {

        cleanUp();
        throw;
    }
}

WFXMLScanner::~WFXMLScanner()
{
    cleanUp();
}


// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  WFXMLScanner: Main entry point to scan a document
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
void WFXMLScanner::scanDocument(const InputSource& src)
{
    //  Bump up the sequence id for this parser instance. This will invalidate
    //  any previous progressive scan tokens.
    fSequenceId++;

    try
    {
        //  Reset the scanner and its plugged in stuff for a new run. This
        //  resets all the data structures, creates the initial reader and
        //  pushes it on the stack, and sets up the base document path.
        scanReset(src);

        // If we have a document handler, then call the start document
        if (fDocHandler)
            fDocHandler->startDocument();

        //  Scan the prolog part, which is everything before the root element
        //  including the DTD subsets.
        scanProlog();

        //  If we got to the end of input, then its not a valid XML file.
        //  Else, go on to scan the content.
        if (fReaderMgr.atEOF())
        {
            emitError(XMLErrs::EmptyMainEntity);
        }
        else
        {
            // Scan content, and tell it its not an external entity
            if (scanContent(false))
            {
                // That went ok, so scan for any miscellaneous stuff
                if (!fReaderMgr.atEOF())
                    scanMiscellaneous();
            }
        }

        // If we have a document handler, then call the end document
        if (fDocHandler)
            fDocHandler->endDocument();

        // Reset the reader manager to close all files, sockets, etc...
        fReaderMgr.reset();
    }
    //  NOTE:
    //
    //  In all of the error processing below, the emitError() call MUST come
    //  before the flush of the reader mgr, or it will fail because it tries
    //  to find out the position in the XML source of the error.
    catch(const XMLErrs::Codes)
    {
        // This is a 'first fatal error' type exit, so reset and fall through
        fReaderMgr.reset();
    }
    catch(const XMLValid::Codes)
    {
        // This is a 'first fatal error' type exit, so reset and fall through
        fReaderMgr.reset();
    }
    catch(const XMLException& excToCatch)
    {
        //  Emit the error and catch any user exception thrown from here. Make
        //  sure in all cases we flush the reader manager.
        fInException = true;
        try
        {
            if (excToCatch.getErrorType() == XMLErrorReporter::ErrType_Warning)
                emitError
                (
                    XMLErrs::XMLException_Warning
                    , excToCatch.getType()
                    , excToCatch.getMessage()
                );
            else if (excToCatch.getErrorType() >= XMLErrorReporter::ErrType_Fatal)
                emitError
                (
                    XMLErrs::XMLException_Fatal
                    , excToCatch.getType()
                    , excToCatch.getMessage()
                );
            else
                emitError
                (
                    XMLErrs::XMLException_Error
                    , excToCatch.getType()
                    , excToCatch.getMessage()
                );
        }
        catch(...)
        {
            // Flush the reader manager and rethrow user's error
            fReaderMgr.reset();
            throw;
        }

        // If it returned, then reset the reader manager and fall through
        fReaderMgr.reset();
    }
    catch(...)
    {
        // Reset and rethrow
        fReaderMgr.reset();
        throw;
    }
}


bool WFXMLScanner::scanNext(XMLPScanToken& token)
{
    // Make sure this token is still legal
    if (!isLegalToken(token))
        ThrowXML(RuntimeException, XMLExcepts::Scan_BadPScanToken);

    // Find the next token and remember the reader id
    unsigned int orgReader;
    XMLTokens curToken;

    bool retVal = true;

    try
    {
        while (true)
        {
            //  We have to handle any end of entity exceptions that happen here.
            //  We could be at the end of X nested entities, each of which will
            //  generate an end of entity exception as we try to move forward.
            try
            {
                curToken = senseNextToken(orgReader);
                break;
            }
            catch(const EndOfEntityException& toCatch)
            {
                // Send an end of entity reference event
                if (fDocHandler)
                    fDocHandler->endEntityReference(toCatch.getEntity());
            }
        }

        if (curToken == Token_CharData)
        {
            scanCharData(fCDataBuf);
        }
        else if (curToken == Token_EOF)
        {
            if (!fElemStack.isEmpty())
            {
                const WFElemStack::StackElem* topElem = fElemStack.popTop();
                emitError
                (
                    XMLErrs::EndedWithTagsOnStack
                    , topElem->fThisElement
                );
            }

            retVal = false;
        }
        else
        {
            // Its some sort of markup
            bool gotData = true;
            switch(curToken)
            {
                case Token_CData :
                    // Make sure we are within content
                    if (fElemStack.isEmpty())
                        emitError(XMLErrs::CDATAOutsideOfContent);
                    scanCDSection();
                    break;

                case Token_Comment :
                    scanComment();
                    break;

                case Token_EndTag :
                    scanEndTag(gotData);
                    break;

                case Token_PI :
                    scanPI();
                    break;

                case Token_StartTag :
                    if (fDoNamespaces)
                        scanStartTagNS(gotData);
                    else
                        scanStartTag(gotData);
                    break;

                default :
                    fReaderMgr.skipToChar(chOpenAngle);
                    break;
            }

            if (orgReader != fReaderMgr.getCurrentReaderNum())
                emitError(XMLErrs::PartialMarkupInEntity);

            // If we hit the end, then do the miscellaneous part
            if (!gotData)
            {
                // That went ok, so scan for any miscellaneous stuff
                scanMiscellaneous();

                if (fDocHandler)
                    fDocHandler->endDocument();
            }
        }
    }
    //  NOTE:
    //
    //  In all of the error processing below, the emitError() call MUST come
    //  before the flush of the reader mgr, or it will fail because it tries
    //  to find out the position in the XML source of the error.
    catch(const XMLErrs::Codes)
    {
        // This is a 'first failure' exception, so reset and return failure
        fReaderMgr.reset();
        return false;
    }
    catch(const XMLValid::Codes)
    {
        // This is a 'first fatal error' type exit, so reset and reuturn failure
        fReaderMgr.reset();
        return false;
    }
    catch(const XMLException& excToCatch)
    {
        //  Emit the error and catch any user exception thrown from here. Make
        //  sure in all cases we flush the reader manager.
        fInException = true;
        try
        {
            if (excToCatch.getErrorType() == XMLErrorReporter::ErrType_Warning)
                emitError
                (
                    XMLErrs::XMLException_Warning
                    , excToCatch.getType()
                    , excToCatch.getMessage()
                );
            else if (excToCatch.getErrorType() >= XMLErrorReporter::ErrType_Fatal)
                emitError
                (
                    XMLErrs::XMLException_Fatal
                    , excToCatch.getType()
                    , excToCatch.getMessage()
                );
            else
                emitError
                (
                    XMLErrs::XMLException_Error
                    , excToCatch.getType()
                    , excToCatch.getMessage()
                );
        }
        catch(...)
        {
            // Reset and rethrow user error
            fReaderMgr.reset();
            throw;
        }

        // Reset and return failure
        fReaderMgr.reset();
        return false;
    }
    catch(...)
    {
        // Reset and rethrow original error
        fReaderMgr.reset();
        throw;
    }

    // If we hit the end, then flush the reader manager
    if (!retVal)
        fReaderMgr.reset();

    return retVal;
}


// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  WFXMLScanner: Private helper methods.
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//  This method handles the common initialization, to avoid having to do
//  it redundantly in multiple constructors.
void WFXMLScanner::commonInit()
{
    fEntityTable = new ValueHashTableOf<XMLCh>(11);
    fAttrNameHashList = new ValueVectorOf<unsigned int>(16);
    fAttrNSList = new ValueVectorOf<XMLAttr*>(8);

    //  Add the default entity entries for the character refs that must always
    //  be present.
    fEntityTable->put((void*) XMLUni::fgAmp, chAmpersand);
    fEntityTable->put((void*) XMLUni::fgLT, chOpenAngle);
    fEntityTable->put((void*) XMLUni::fgGT, chCloseAngle);
    fEntityTable->put((void*) XMLUni::fgQuot, chDoubleQuote);
    fEntityTable->put((void*) XMLUni::fgApos, chSingleQuote);
}

void WFXMLScanner::cleanUp()
{
    delete fEntityTable;
    delete fAttrNameHashList;
    delete fAttrNSList;
}

unsigned int
WFXMLScanner::resolvePrefix(const   XMLCh* const          prefix
                            , const WFElemStack::MapModes mode)
{
    //  Watch for the special namespace prefixes. We always map these to
    //  special URIs. 'xml' gets mapped to the official URI that its defined
    //  to map to by the NS spec. xmlns gets mapped to a special place holder
    //  URI that we define (so that it maps to something checkable.)
    if (XMLString::equals(prefix, XMLUni::fgXMLNSString))
        return fXMLNSNamespaceId;
    else if (XMLString::equals(prefix, XMLUni::fgXMLString))
        return fXMLNamespaceId;

    //  Ask the element stack to search up itself for a mapping for the
    //  passed prefix.
    bool unknown;
    unsigned int uriId = fElemStack.mapPrefixToURI(prefix, mode, unknown);

    // If it was unknown, then the URI was faked in but we have to issue an error
    if (unknown)
        emitError(XMLErrs::UnknownPrefix, prefix);

    return uriId;
}

//  This method will reset the scanner data structures, and related plugged
//  in stuff, for a new scan session. We get the input source for the primary
//  XML entity, create the reader for it, and push it on the stack so that
//  upon successful return from here we are ready to go.
void WFXMLScanner::scanReset(const InputSource& src)
{
    //  And for all installed handlers, send reset events. This gives them
    //  a chance to flush any cached data.
    if (fDocHandler)
        fDocHandler->resetDocument();
    if (fEntityHandler)
        fEntityHandler->resetEntities();
    if (fErrorReporter)
        fErrorReporter->resetErrors();

    //  Reset the element stack, and give it the latest ids for the special
    //  URIs it has to know about.
    fElemStack.reset
    (
        fEmptyNamespaceId
        , fUnknownNamespaceId
        , fXMLNamespaceId
        , fXMLNSNamespaceId
    );

    // Reset some status flags
    fInException = false;
    fStandalone = false;
    fErrorCount = 0;
    fHasNoDTD = true;

    //  Handle the creation of the XML reader object for this input source.
    //  This will provide us with transcoding and basic lexing services.
    XMLReader* newReader = fReaderMgr.createReader
    (
        src
        , true
        , XMLReader::RefFrom_NonLiteral
        , XMLReader::Type_General
        , XMLReader::Source_External
        , fCalculateSrcOfs
    );

    if (!newReader) {
        if (src.getIssueFatalErrorIfNotFound())
            ThrowXML1(RuntimeException, XMLExcepts::Scan_CouldNotOpenSource, src.getSystemId());
        else
            ThrowXML1(RuntimeException, XMLExcepts::Scan_CouldNotOpenSource_Warning, src.getSystemId());
    }

    // Push this read onto the reader manager
    fReaderMgr.pushReader(newReader, 0);
}

//  This method is called between markup in content. It scans for character
//  data that is sent to the document handler. It watches for any markup
//  characters that would indicate that the character data has ended. It also
//  handles expansion of general and character entities.
//
//  sendData() is a local static helper for this method which handles some
//  code that must be done in three different places here.
void WFXMLScanner::sendCharData(XMLBuffer& toSend)
{
    // If no data in the buffer, then nothing to do
    if (toSend.isEmpty())
        return;

    // Always assume its just char data if not validating
    if (fDocHandler)
        fDocHandler->docCharacters(toSend.getRawBuffer(), toSend.getLen(), false);

    // Reset buffer
    toSend.reset();
}

// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  WFXMLScanner: Getter methods
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameIdPool<DTDEntityDecl>* WFXMLScanner::getEntityDeclPool()
{
    return 0;
}
    
const NameIdPool<DTDEntityDecl>* WFXMLScanner::getEntityDeclPool() const
{
    return 0;
}


// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  WFXMLScanner: Private scanning methods
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

//  This method will kick off the scanning of the primary content of the
//  document, i.e. the elements.
bool WFXMLScanner::scanContent(const bool extEntity)
{
    //  Go into a loop until we hit the end of the root element, or we fall
    //  out because there is no root element.
    //
    //  We have to do kind of a deeply nested double loop here in order to
    //  avoid doing the setup/teardown of the exception handler on each
    //  round. Doing it this way we only do it when an exception actually
    //  occurs.
    bool gotData = true;
    bool inMarkup = false;
    while (gotData)
    {
        try
        {
            while (gotData)
            {
                //  Sense what the next top level token is. According to what
                //  this tells us, we will call something to handle that kind
                //  of thing.
                unsigned int orgReader;
                const XMLTokens curToken = senseNextToken(orgReader);

                //  Handle character data and end of file specially. Char data
                //  is not markup so we don't want to handle it in the loop
                //  below.
                if (curToken == Token_CharData)
                {
                    //  Scan the character data and call appropriate events. Let
                    //  him use our local character data buffer for efficiency.
                    scanCharData(fCDataBuf);
                    continue;
                }
                else if (curToken == Token_EOF)
                {
                    //  The element stack better be empty at this point or we
                    //  ended prematurely before all elements were closed.
                    if (!fElemStack.isEmpty())
                    {
                        const WFElemStack::StackElem* topElem = fElemStack.popTop();
                        emitError
                        (
                            XMLErrs::EndedWithTagsOnStack
                            , topElem->fThisElement
                        );
                    }

                    // Its the end of file, so clear the got data flag
                    gotData = false;
                    continue;
                }

                // We are in some sort of markup now
                inMarkup = true;

                //  According to the token we got, call the appropriate
                //  scanning method.
                switch(curToken)
                {
                    case Token_CData :
                        // Make sure we are within content
                        if (fElemStack.isEmpty())
                            emitError(XMLErrs::CDATAOutsideOfContent);
                        scanCDSection();
                        break;

                    case Token_Comment :
                        scanComment();
                        break;

                    case Token_EndTag :
                        scanEndTag(gotData);
                        break;

                    case Token_PI :
                        scanPI();
                        break;

                    case Token_StartTag :
                        if (fDoNamespaces)
                            scanStartTagNS(gotData);
                        else
                            scanStartTag(gotData);
                        break;

                    default :
                        fReaderMgr.skipToChar(chOpenAngle);
                        break;
                }

                if (orgReader != fReaderMgr.getCurrentReaderNum())
                    emitError(XMLErrs::PartialMarkupInEntity);

                // And we are back out of markup again
                inMarkup = false;
            }
        }
        catch(const EndOfEntityException& toCatch)
        {
            //  If we were in some markup when this happened, then its a
            //  partial markup error.
            if (inMarkup)
                emitError(XMLErrs::PartialMarkupInEntity);

            // Send an end of entity reference event
            if (fDocHandler)
                fDocHandler->endEntityReference(toCatch.getEntity());

            inMarkup = false;
        }
    }

    // It went ok, so return success
    return true;
}


void WFXMLScanner::scanEndTag(bool& gotData)
{
    //  Assume we will still have data until proven otherwise. It will only
    //  ever be false if this is the end of the root element.
    gotData = true;

    //  Check if the element stack is empty. If so, then this is an unbalanced
    //  element (i.e. more ends than starts, perhaps because of bad text
    //  causing one to be skipped.)
    if (fElemStack.isEmpty())
    {
        emitError(XMLErrs::MoreEndThanStartTags);
        fReaderMgr.skipPastChar(chCloseAngle);
        ThrowXML(RuntimeException, XMLExcepts::Scan_UnbalancedStartEnd);
    }

    // After the </ is the element QName, so get a name from the input
    if (!fReaderMgr.getName(fQNameBuf))
    {
        // It failed so we can't really do anything with it
        emitError(XMLErrs::ExpectedElementName);
        fReaderMgr.skipPastChar(chCloseAngle);
        return;
    }

    //  Pop the stack of the element we are supposed to be ending. Remember
    //  that we don't own this. The stack just keeps them and reuses them.
    unsigned int uriId = (fDoNamespaces)
        ? fElemStack.getCurrentURI() : fEmptyNamespaceId;
    const WFElemStack::StackElem* topElem = fElemStack.popTop();    

    // See if it was the root element, to avoid multiple calls below
    const bool isRoot = fElemStack.isEmpty();

    // Make sure that its the end of the element that we expect
    if (!XMLString::equals(topElem->fThisElement, fQNameBuf.getRawBuffer())) {
        emitError
        (
            XMLErrs::ExpectedEndOfTagX
            , topElem->fThisElement
        );
    }

    // Make sure we are back on the same reader as where we started
    if (topElem->fReaderNum != fReaderMgr.getCurrentReaderNum())
        emitError(XMLErrs::PartialTagMarkupError);

    // Skip optional whitespace
    fReaderMgr.skipPastSpaces();

    // Make sure we find the closing bracket
    if (!fReaderMgr.skippedChar(chCloseAngle))
    {
        emitError
        (
            XMLErrs::UnterminatedEndTag
            , topElem->fThisElement
        );
    }

    // If we have a doc handler, tell it about the end tag
    if (fDocHandler)
    {
        fDTDElemDecl.setElementName(topElem->fThisElement, uriId);
        fDocHandler->endElement
        (
            fDTDElemDecl
            , uriId
            , isRoot
            , fDTDElemDecl.getElementName()->getPrefix()
        );
    }

    // If this was the root, then done with content
    gotData = !isRoot;
}


void WFXMLScanner::scanDocTypeDecl()
{
    // Just skips over it
    // REVISIT: Should we issue a warning
    fReaderMgr.skipPastChar(chCloseAngle);
}

bool WFXMLScanner::scanStartTag(bool& gotData)
{
    // Assume we will still have data until proven otherwise. It will only
    // ever be false if this is the root and its empty.
    gotData = true;

    //  Get the QName. In this case, we are not doing namespaces, so we just
    //  use it as is and don't have to break it into parts.
    if (!fReaderMgr.getName(fQNameBuf))
    {
        emitError(XMLErrs::ExpectedElementName);
        fReaderMgr.skipToChar(chOpenAngle);
        return false;
    }

    // Assume it won't be an empty tag
    bool isEmpty = false;

    // See if its the root element
    const bool isRoot = fElemStack.isEmpty();

    // Skip any whitespace after the name
    fReaderMgr.skipPastSpaces();

    // Expand the element stack and add the new element
    const XMLCh* qnameRawBuf = fQNameBuf.getRawBuffer();
    fElemStack.addLevel
    (
        qnameRawBuf
        , fQNameBuf.getLen()
        , fReaderMgr.getCurrentReaderNum()
    );

    //  We loop until we either see a /> or >, handling attribute/value
    //  pairs until we get there.
    unsigned int    attCount = 0;
    unsigned int    curAttListSize = fAttrList->size();
    while (true)
    {
        // And get the next non-space character
        XMLCh nextCh = fReaderMgr.peekNextChar();

        //  If the next character is not a slash or closed angle bracket,
        //  then it must be whitespace, since whitespace is required
        //  between the end of the last attribute and the name of the next
        //  one.
        if (attCount)
        {
            if ((nextCh != chForwardSlash) && (nextCh != chCloseAngle))
            {
                if (XMLReader::isWhitespace(nextCh))
                {
                    // Ok, skip by them and peek another char
                    fReaderMgr.skipPastSpaces();
                    nextCh = fReaderMgr.peekNextChar();
                }
                else
                {
                    // Emit the error but keep on going
                    emitError(XMLErrs::ExpectedWhitespace);
                }
            }
        }

        //  Ok, here we first check for any of the special case characters.
        //  If its not one, then we do the normal case processing, which
        //  assumes that we've hit an attribute value, Otherwise, we do all
        //  the special case checks.
        if (!XMLReader::isSpecialStartTagChar(nextCh))
        {
            //  Assume its going to be an attribute, so get a name from
            //  the input.
            if (!fReaderMgr.getName(fAttNameBuf))
            {
                emitError(XMLErrs::ExpectedAttrName);
                fReaderMgr.skipPastChar(chCloseAngle);
                return false;
            }

            // And next must be an equal sign
            if (!scanEq())
            {
                static const XMLCh tmpList[] =
                {
                    chSingleQuote, chDoubleQuote, chCloseAngle
                    , chOpenAngle, chForwardSlash, chNull
                };

                emitError(XMLErrs::ExpectedEqSign);

                //  Try to sync back up by skipping forward until we either
                //  hit something meaningful.
                const XMLCh chFound = fReaderMgr.skipUntilInOrWS(tmpList);

                if ((chFound == chCloseAngle) || (chFound == chForwardSlash))
                {
                    // Jump back to top for normal processing of these
                    continue;
                }
                else if ((chFound == chSingleQuote)
                      ||  (chFound == chDoubleQuote)
                      ||  XMLReader::isWhitespace(chFound))
                {
                    // Just fall through assuming that the value is to follow
                }
                else if (chFound == chOpenAngle)
                {
                    // Assume a malformed tag and that new one is starting
                    emitError(XMLErrs::UnterminatedStartTag, qnameRawBuf);
                    return false;
                }
                else
                {
                    // Something went really wrong
                    return false;
                }
            }

            //  See if this attribute is declared more than one for this element.
            const XMLCh* attNameRawBuf = fAttNameBuf.getRawBuffer(); 
            unsigned int attNameHash = XMLString::hash(attNameRawBuf, 109);

            if (attCount) {

                for (unsigned int k=0; k < attCount; k++) {

                    if (fAttrNameHashList->elementAt(k) == attNameHash) {
                        if (
                               XMLString::equals
                               ( 
                                   fAttrList->elementAt(k)->getName()
                                   , attNameRawBuf
                               )
                           )
                        {
                            emitError
                            (
                                XMLErrs::AttrAlreadyUsedInSTag
                                , attNameRawBuf
                                , qnameRawBuf
                            );
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

            //  Skip any whitespace before the value and then scan the att
            //  value. This will come back normalized with entity refs and
            //  char refs expanded.
            fReaderMgr.skipPastSpaces();
            if (!scanAttValue(attNameRawBuf, fAttValueBuf))
            {
                static const XMLCh tmpList[] =
                {
                    chCloseAngle, chOpenAngle, chForwardSlash, chNull
                };

                emitError(XMLErrs::ExpectedAttrValue);

                //  It failed, so lets try to get synced back up. We skip
                //  forward until we find some whitespace or one of the
                //  chars in our list.
                const XMLCh chFound = fReaderMgr.skipUntilInOrWS(tmpList);

                if ((chFound == chCloseAngle)
                ||  (chFound == chForwardSlash)
                ||  XMLReader::isWhitespace(chFound))
                {
                    //  Just fall through and process this attribute, though
                    //  the value will be "".
                }
                else if (chFound == chOpenAngle)
                {
                    // Assume a malformed tag and that new one is starting
                    emitError(XMLErrs::UnterminatedStartTag, qnameRawBuf);
                    return false;
                }
                else
                {
                    // Something went really wrong
                    return false;
                }
            }

            //  Add this attribute to the attribute list that we use to
            //  pass them to the handler. We reuse its existing elements
            //  but expand it as required.
            if (attCount >= curAttListSize)
            {
                fAttrList->addElement
                (
                    new XMLAttr
                    (
                        -1
                        , attNameRawBuf
                        , XMLUni::fgZeroLenString
                        , fAttValueBuf.getRawBuffer()
                    )
                );                
                fAttrNameHashList->addElement(attNameHash);
            }
            else
            {
                XMLAttr* curAtt = fAttrList->elementAt(attCount);
                curAtt->set
                (
                    -1
                    , attNameRawBuf
                    , XMLUni::fgZeroLenString
                    , fAttValueBuf.getRawBuffer()
                );
            }

            attCount++;

            // And jump back to the top of the loop
            continue;
        }

        //  It was some special case character so do all of the checks and
        //  deal with it.
        if (!nextCh)
            ThrowXML(UnexpectedEOFException, XMLExcepts::Gen_UnexpectedEOF);

        if (nextCh == chForwardSlash)
        {
            fReaderMgr.getNextChar();
            isEmpty = true;
            if (!fReaderMgr.skippedChar(chCloseAngle))
                emitError(XMLErrs::UnterminatedStartTag, qnameRawBuf);
            break;
        }
        else if (nextCh == chCloseAngle)
        {
            fReaderMgr.getNextChar();
            break;
        }